Monier梵英和辞典

chewing the cud, ruminating (反芻すること), Siddh.

piling up again (再び積むこと), TS.; ŚBr. &c.

in comp. for punar (複合語における punar の代わり).

a repeated sacrificial performance (繰り返しの祭の行ない), ŚāṅkhBr.

over and over again (幾度も幾度も), Śiś. xvii, 6.

in comp. for punar (複合語における punar の代わり).

a new king (新しき王), Pat.

the consecration of a new king (新しき王の灌頂), Vas.

punita. See √ pū.

cl. 1. P. punthati, to give or suffer pain (苦しみを与え，また受く), Dhātup. iii, 7 (v.l. yunth).

&c. See p. 630, col. 3.

puṇḍra の誤写。

&c. See under puṃ, p. 631, col. 1.

(√ pū Desid.) wishing to cleanse or purify (清めんことを欲する), W.

the wish or desire to cleanse or purify (清めんとする欲), ib.

N. of a partic. disease (或る病の名) (口蓋と歯茎との腫れ), Suśr. (また -ka).

flatulency, wind in the stomach (鼓腸), L.

the lungs (肺), L. (phupphusa を参照せよ)

・the pericarp or seed-pod of a lotus (蓮の実の莢), L.

pum-anujā &c. See p. 631.

(√ pṝ) instr. pl. pūrbhís の形にてのみ。in abundance, abundantly (豊かに), RV. v, 66, 4.

cl. 6. P. purati, to precede, go before, lead (先立ち，導く), Dhātup. xxviii, 56 (おそらくは下の puras と purā との語源を与えんとて作られたるもの).

(2. については 635 頁を見よ) in comp. for puras (複合語における puras の代わり).

N. of a metre (或る韻律の名), RPrāt.

one who goes before, a guide, leader (先立つ者，導く者), RV.; AV.; VS.; Br.

(puro-ga の代わりに) inclined or disposed towards (…に向かいて傾く), MārkP.

N. of a forest (或る林の名), Pāṇ. viii, 4, 4.

N. of the region or the world of Agni (Agni の域また世の名), L. (puro-j˚ の誤写か).

before (先に) (処また時において), in front or in presence of (…の前に，…の面前に), KaṭhUp.; MBh. &c.

to place in front, cause to precede, honour (前に置き，先立たしめ，敬う), R.; Kathās.

in comp. for puras (複合語における puras の代わり).

whose fulfilment approaches near (その成就の近づける) (望みまた祈りとして), Kum.

pouring or streaming forth (溢れ流るる), RV. viii, 100, 9.

one who fights in the front (前線にて戦う者) (戦の), Ragh.

having fruit well advanced, promising fruit (実のよく進みたる，実を約する), ib.

while Śukra (the planet Venus) is before one's eyes (Śukra〔金星〕の眼前にある間に), Kum. iii, 43.

sitting in front, presiding (前に坐し，司る), RV. i, 73, 3

・sitting towards the east (東に向きて坐する), VS.; TS.

going before or in advance (先立ち行く)

a forerunner, precursor, harbinger, attendant (先駆け，前触れ，従者), AV. &c. &c.

・ifc. にて (f(ā). ) attended or preceded by, connected with (…を伴い，また…に先立たれ，繋がる), MBh.; Kāv. &c.

along with, among, after, by means of (…と共に，…の中に，…の後に，…によりて), Kathās.; Pañc.; Pur.

standing before one's eyes, clearly visible (眼前に立ち，明らかに見ゆる), Mālatīm.

standing at the head, a leader (先頭に立つ，導く者), RV.

= -stha, MW.

impending, imminent (迫れる), Śak. (v.l.)

opening or becoming manifest before any one (凡そ人の前に開き，また顕わとなる), W.

in comp. for puras (複合語における puras の代わり).

before the wheel (車輪の前に), ĀpŚr.

making preparations, preparatory to (支度を為し，…に先立つ) (-tā f.), MBh.

a preparatory or introductory rite, preparation (先立ちて行なう儀，支度), ŚBr.

id. (同上), ib.

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

= -caraṇa n., Kāv.

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

a nipple (乳首), L.

・Imperata Cylindrica, L.

in front, in advance, forward (前に，先に)

・（前置詞として）before (…の前に) (処また時において), in the presence or before the eyes of (…の面前に，…の眼前に), RV. &c. &c.

・in comparison with (…に比べて), Vcar.

・in or from or towards the east, eastward (東に，東より，東へ), VS.; Br. &c. (dakṣiṇataḥ puraḥ は「東南に向かいて」, MBh.)

・previously, first, first of all (先に，まず第一に), Ratnāv. iii, 7. [cf. pra, purā, pūrva; Gk. πάρος, ‘before’.]

the act of placing in front &c. (前に置くことなど)

・making perfect (完うすること〔?〕), W.

to be placed in front or honoured or prepared or fitted out or made complete (前に置かれ，敬われ，整えられ，備えられ，完うせらるべき).

to be placed in front or honoured or prepared or fitted out or made complete (前に置かれ，敬われ，整えられ，備えられ，完うせらるべき).

placing in front, honouring, preference, distinction (前に置くこと，敬い，優遇), Kāv.; Hit.

・accompanying, attending (伴うこと) (ifc. にて「…に先立たれ，また伴われ，…と結ばれ，…を含む」), MBh.

・arranging, putting in array, making complete (整え，並べ，完うすること), W.

・attacking, assailing &c. (襲うことなど), ib.

= -kartavya

・to be appointed to, be charged or commissioned with (…に任ぜられ，委ねらるべき), MBh.; Kāv.

(P. Ā. -karoti, -kurute), to place before or in front, cause to precede (前に置き，先立たしむ), RV. &c. &c.; to make one's leader, place in office, appoint (己が長と成し，職に置き，任ず), MBh.; to respect, honour (敬う), MBh.; Kāv. &c.; to place above all, prefer, choose, attend to (何よりも上に置き，選び，顧みる), ib.; to show, display (示す), R.; Rājat.

placed in front &c. (前に置かるるなど)

・honoured, esteemed, attended, accompanied by, possessed of, occupied with (敬われ，伴われ，…を有ち，…に携わる), MBh.; Kāv. &c.

・attacked, assailed, accused &c. (襲われ，責めらるるなど), L.

among, amidst, with (…の中に，…と共に), MBh.

taking or adopting a middle course (中なる道を取る), MW.

having placed in front or honoured &c. (前に置き，また敬いて)

・しばしば regarding, concerning, on account of, about (…に関して，…のゆえに), MBh.; Kāv. &c.

a preceding action, preparatory rite (先立つ行ない，先立ちて行なう儀), Cat.

・showing honour, demonstration of respect (敬いを示すこと), Ragh.

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

in comp. for ˚tāt (複合語における purastāt の代わり).

a prayer murmured before (先に囁かるる祈り), Siṃhās.

N. of a metre (或る韻律の名).

before, forward, in or from the front, in the first place, in the beginning (前に，先に，前より，まず第一に，初めに), RV. &c. &c.

・in or from the east, eastward (東に，東より), ib.

・in the preceding part (of a book), above (〔書の〕先の部分にて，上に), RPrāt.

・されどまた further on i.e. below (さらに先に，すなわち下に), Suśr.

・（前置詞として）before (…の前に) (処また時において), in front or in presence or before the eyes of (…の前に，…の面前に，…の眼前に), RV. &c. &c.

・in comparison with (…に比べて), Vcar.

a sacrifice which begins immediately (直ちに始まる祭), ŚBr.

the width in front (前の幅), KātyŚr.

preceding, going before (先立つ), Ṣaḍguruś.

preceded or accompanied by a Puroḍāśa (Puroḍāśa に先立たれ，また伴わるる), MaitrS.

N. of a partic. Sattra (或る Sattra の名), TāṇḍBr.

bent forward (前に傾ける), TS.

a preceding Stobha (先立つ Stobha), Lāṭy.

preceded by a St˚ (Stobha に先立たるる), ib.

(ĀpŚr., Sch.) preceded by the exclamation Svāhā (Svāhā なる呼び声に先立たるる).

(˚rást˚, TS.; ŚBr.) preceded by the exclamation Svāhā (Svāhā なる呼び声に先立たるる).

in comp. for ˚tāt (複合語における purastāt の代わり).

beginning with an Agni-ṣṭoma (Agniṣṭoma にて始まる), Vait.

the longitudinal streaks on the back part of an altar (祭壇の後の部分の縦の筋), KātyŚr., Sch. (prāg-an˚ を参照せよ).

anticipation (先取り), Kāś. on Pāṇ. ii, 3, 29.

an anticipatory exception (先取りの例外), VPrāt., Sch.

high in the east (東にて高き), KātyŚr.

beginning with the refrain (畳句にて始まる), AitBr.

a part given in advance (先に与えらるる分), ŚBr.

accessible from the east (東より近づき得る), KātyŚr.

preceded by the Upayāma verses (Upayāma の詩句に先立たるる), TS.

having the knot turned towards the east (結び目を東に向けたる), ŚBr.

having the handle towards the east (柄を東に向けたる), Lāṭy.

(homa の代わりに) an introductory sacrifice (先立ちて行なう祭), Vait.; Gobh.

having an i˚ s˚ (先立ちて行なう祭を有つ).

（前項 purastād-dhoma-bhāj に同じ）

a species of the Bṛhatī metre (Bṛhatī の韻律の一種), RPrāt.

one who receives his share before another (他に先立ちてその分を受くる者), TS.

preface, introduction (序), ŚBr.

in comp. for ˚tāt (複合語における purastāt の代わり).

standing before a person's face (人の面前に立つ), Mṛcch.

in comp. for ˚tāt (複合語における purastāt の代わり).

having one's characteristic in front or at the beginning (その徴を前に，また初めに有つ), ŚBr.

marked in front or at the beginning (前に，また初めに印さるる), TS.

(cf. pra, puras, pūrva) before, formerly, of old (with na, ‘never’) (先に，昔), RV. &c. &c.

・in a previous existence (前の生にて), VarYogay.

・(with pres. = pf.) from of old, hitherto, up to the present time (also with sma; cf. Pāṇ. iii, 2, 122; with na, ‘never yet’) (古より，今に至るまで), RV. &c. &c.

・at first, in the beginning (まず初めに), Bhartṛ. (opp. to paścā, paścāt, Pāṇ. v, 3, 33, Kāś.)

・soon, shortly (with pres. = fut.) (やがて), Kālid.; Naiṣ.

・(as prep., mostly in earlier language, with abl., rarely with dat. or gen.) before (…の前に)

・securely from (…より安らかに)

・except, beside (…を除きて)

・(with pres. = fut. [cf. Pāṇ. iii, 3, 4], once with Pot.) ere, before (…する前に) (sometimes with na or na and yāvat [followed by tāvat], with mā or yadi, MBh.; Kāv. &c.)

a story of the past, an old legend (昔の話，古き伝説), BhP.

a former creation, former age (loc. sg. or pl. in the olden time) (前の創造，前の世), Up.; MBh. &c.

・= prec. (前項に同じ) MBh.

・the performance of sacrificial acts in former times (昔の祭の行ない), AitBr. (pref.)

knowing former times, familiar with the past (昔を知り，過ぎしに通ずる), MBh.

done formerly or long ago (先に，また久しく前に為さるる), MBh.

・begun, commenced (始めらるる), W.

an action performed long ago (久しく前に為されたる行ない)

the result of it (その果), Var.

a former mode of action (前の行ないの仕方), Hariv.

g. kṛśâśvâdi (cf. pura-ga).

former, existing from old, primeval (先の，古より在る), RV.

a kind of Agallochum used as a perfume (香として用いらるる一種の沈香), L.

of ancient origin or lineage (said of kings) (〔王らにつきて言わる〕古き血筋の), MBh.

N. of Bhīṣma (Bhīṣma の名), L.

knowing the events of former times (昔の事どもを知る), GopBr.; Mn.; MBh. &c.

that which has occurred or one who has lived in former times, long past, ancient (昔に起こりたる物，また昔に生きたる者，久しく過ぎたる), MBh.; Pur.

former mode of action, any event or account or history of the past (前の行ないの仕方，凡そ昔の出来事また記), ib.

an old story or legend (古き話また伝説), Hit. (also ˚ttâkhyāna n., W.; ˚ttâkhyāna-kathana n. telling old stories, MW.)

, an old story or legend (古き話また伝説), W.

, telling old stories (古き話を語ること), MW.

(nom. -ṣāṭ; cf. Pāṇ. viii, 3, 56) superior from ancient times (古より勝れたる), RV. (Sāy. ‘conqueror of cities’) (Sāyaṇa は「町々の征服者」とす).

（前項 purā-vṛtta-sah に同じ）

set before first (まず先に置かるる), ŚBr.

(for 2. see under 2. pura) of prior origin (先の出自の), W.

formerly obtained or possessed (先に得られ，また有せられたる), W.

belonging to ancient or olden times, ancient, old (also = withered, worn out, opp. to nūtana, nava) (古の時に属する，古き〔また萎え，古びたる〕), RV. &c. &c.

a Karṣa or measure of silver (= 16 Paṇas of cowries) (一 Karṣa，銀の量〔十六 Paṇa の子安貝〕), Mn. viii, 136 (also n., L.)

N. of a Ṛṣi (或る Ṛṣi の名), Kāṭh.

the ancients (古の人ら), MW.

a thing or event of the past, an ancient tale or legend, old traditional history (過ぎし物また事，古き話また伝説，古き伝承の史), AV. &c. &c.

・N. of a class of sacred works (supposed to have been compiled by the poet Vyāsa and to treat of 5 topics [cf. pañca-lakṣaṇa]; the chief Purāṇas are 18, grouped in 3 divisions: viz. 1. Rājasa exalting Brahmā [e.g. the Brahma, Brahmāṇḍa, Brahmavaivarta, Mārkaṇḍeya, Bhaviṣya, Vāmana]; 2. Sāttvika exalting Viṣṇu [e.g. the Viṣṇu, Bhāgavata, Nāradīya, Garuḍa, Padma, Varāha]; 3. Tāmasa exalting Śiva [e.g. the Śiva, Liṅga, Skanda, Agni or in place of it the Vāyu, Matsya, Kūrma]; by some the P˚ are divided into 4, and by others into 6 groups; cf. IW. 509 &c.) (一類の聖典の名〔詩人 Vyāsa により編まれ，五の題目を論ずとせらる。主たる Purāṇa は十八にして三の部に分かたる。すなわち一に Brahmā を高むる Rājasa〔Brahma・Brahmāṇḍa・Brahmavaivarta・Mārkaṇḍeya・Bhaviṣya・Vāmana など〕，二に Viṣṇu を高むる Sāttvika〔Viṣṇu・Bhāgavata・Nāradīya・Garuḍa・Padma・Varāha など〕，三に Śiva を高むる Tāmasa〔Śiva・Liṅga・Skanda・Agni またその代わりに Vāyu・Matsya・Kūrma〕。或る者は Purāṇa を四に，他の者は六の部に分かつ〕)

・N. of wk. (containing an index of the contents of a number of P˚ and some other works.) (或る書の名〔数の Purāṇa と他の書との内容の目録を含む〕)

= purā-k˚, BhP.

‘singing of the past’, N. of Brahmā (「過ぎしを歌う者」，Brahmā の名), L.

・a reciter of the Purāṇas (Purāṇa を誦する者), W.

‘praising the p˚’, N. of Brahmā (「過ぎしを讃うる者」，Brahmā の名), Gal.

‘sung by the ancients’, id. (「古の人らに歌わるる者」，同上), Gal.

N. of ch. of BrahmāṇḍaP. (BrahmāṇḍaPurāṇa の或る章の名)

seen or approved by ancient sages (古の聖仙らに見られ，また是認さるる), Vas.

N. of a poem (或る詩の名).

the former wife (前の妻), L.

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

‘primeval male’, N. of Viṣṇu (「原初の男」，Viṣṇu の名), Siṃhās.

proclaimed by ancient sages (古の聖仙らに宣せらるる), Pāṇ. iv, 3, 105.

N. of ch. of PadmaP. ii (PadmaPurāṇa ii の或る章の名).

N. of ch. of LiṅgaP. (LiṅgaPurāṇa の或る章の名)

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

as of old (古の如く), RV.

knowing the things or events of the past (過ぎし物また事を知る), AV.

・knowing the P˚ (Purāṇa を知る), Prab.

knowledge of the things or events of the past (過ぎし物また事の知), ŚrS.

hearing or studying the P˚ (Purāṇa を聞き，また学ぶこと)

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

a collection of the P˚ (Purāṇa の集成), BhP.

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

N. of Viṣṇu as man-lion (人獅子としての Viṣṇu の名), R.

N. of Yama (Yama の名), L.

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

N. of ch. of PadmaP. (PadmaPurāṇa の或る章の名)

enjoined by or written in the P˚ (Purāṇa にて定められ，また記さるる), MW.

ifc. (f(ikā). ) = purāṇa, a partic. coin (cf. tri-p˚) (或る貨幣).

See tri-p˚ and pañca-p˚

Nom. P. ˚ṇyati, to talk of the past, relate past events (過ぎしを語り，昔の事を述ぶ) g. kaṇḍv-ādi.

belonging to the past, former, old, ancient (˚ne ind. formerly, in olden times) (過ぎしに属する，古き), Mn.; MBh. &c.

・used-up, worn out (使い古され，古びたる), Suśr.

the ancients (古の人ら), Rājat.

an ancient story, old legend (古き話また伝説), R.

・a Purāṇa (Purāṇa), Hcat.

, formerly, in olden times (昔に)

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

in comp. for puras (複合語における puras の代わり).

the foremost Agni, fire in front (最も前なる Agni，前なる火), VS.

before the axle-tree (軸の前に), ŚBr.

going before, leading, a leader, chief, principal (ifc. preceded or accompanied by) (先立ち行く，導く者，長), MBh.; Kāv. &c.

standing or being in front or before a person's eyes (前に，また人の眼前に立つ), Ragh.

・preceded, gone before (先立たるる), W.

a dog (犬), L.

a messenger who goes before (先立ち行く使い), Pāṇ., Sch.

= -ga, MBh.; Kāv. &c.

going before, preceding (先立ち行くこと), W.

one who precedes, a leader (f. ˚vī́) (先立つ者，導く者), RV.; AV.

a leader (導く者), RV.; VS. &c.

going before, preceding (先立ち行く)

a leader or a dog (導く者，また犬), L.

heavy before or in front (前にて重き), TāṇḍBr.

= purastād-g˚, ĀpŚr.

born before (先に生まるる)

priority of birth (生まれの先なること), Ragh.

excelling in speed, swifter than (comp.) (疾さに勝れ，…より疾き), BhP.

one who goes before, a servant, attendant (ifc. accompanied by, furnished with) (先立ち行く者，僕，従者), Divyāv.

・N. of a son of Medhātithi and the Varṣa ruled by him (Medhātithi の或る子，およびその治むる Varṣa の名), BhP.

・of Prāṇa (Prāṇa の名), ib.

previous possession or acquisition (先の所有また獲得), RV.

preceded by light or radiance (光に先立たるる), AitBr.

a mass of ground rice rounded into a kind of cake (usually divided into pieces, placed on receptacles; cf. kapāla) and offered as an oblation in fire (挽きたる米を丸めて一種の菓子と成したる物〔常に幾片かに分かたれ，器に置かる〕にして，火に供物として献ぜらる), RV. &c. &c.

（前項 puroḍāś に同じ）

id. (同上), AV. &c. &c. (RTL. 367)

・any oblation (凡そ供物), Mn. v, 23

・the leavings of an offering (供物の残り), L.

・Soma juice (Soma の汁), L.

・a prayer recited while offering oblations in fire (火に供物を献ずる間に誦せらるる祈り), Pāṇ., Sch.

state or condition of an oblation (供物たる状態)

・acc. with √ nī, to offer in fire, burn (火に献じ，焼く), Pārvat.

a piece of the sacrificial cake (祭の菓子の一片), ŚBr.

eater of the s˚ c˚, a god (祭の菓子を食う者，神), Śiś.

having a sacrificial c˚ for a calf (祭の菓子を仔とする), AV.

the Sv˚ connected with the s˚ c˚ (祭の菓子に繋がる Sviṣṭakṛt), AitBr.

‘receiver of the s˚ c˚’, N. of Viṣṇu (「祭の菓子を受くる者」，Viṣṇu の名), Viṣṇ.

, Pāṇ. iv, 3, 70

connected with the s˚ c˚ (祭の菓子に繋がる), TS.

relating to or destined for the s˚ c˚ (祭の菓子に関し，またこれに宛てらるる), ĀpŚr.

the Iḍā portion of the sacrificial c˚ (祭の菓子の Iḍā の分), ŚBr.

= ˚śīya, MaitrS.

‘placed at the head’, chief priest of a king, domestic chaplain (「頭に置かるる者」，王の主たる祭官，家の司祭), MBh.; Kāv. &c.; N. of a man (或る人の名), Saṃskārak.

（前項 puro-dha に同じ）

P. Ā. -dadhāti, -dhatte, (Ā.) to place before or at the head, to appoint (esp. to priestly functions), charge, commission (前に，また頭に置き，〔殊に祭官の務めに〕任じ，委ぬ), RV. &c. &c.; to propose (as a prize) (〔褒美として〕差し出だす), RV. v, 86, 5; (P.) to place foremost, value highly, esteem, honour, be intent upon or zealous for, take to heart (最も前に置き，重んじ，敬い，心を寄す), RV.; &c.

charge, commission, (esp.) the rank and office of a Purohita (委ね，殊に Purohita の位と職), TS.; AV.; Br.

desirous of the rank of a P˚ (Purohita の位を欲する), TBr.

the giver of a commission, the appointer of a P˚ (委ぬる者，Purohita を任ずる者), AitBr.

priestly ministration (祭官の務め), Sāy.

= puro-hita, TāṇḍBr.

preferred to other women, a favourite wife (他の女らより好まるる，寵ある妻), Hariv.

going out first (まず先に出づること), Kāv.

(sc. ṛc) an introductory or invitatory verse (先立ちて招く詩句), AV.; TS.; Br.

having an int˚ v˚ (先立ちて招く詩句を有つ), ŚBr.

‘having (only) cranes in front of one's self’, overtaking all others (said of Parjanya) (「己が前に〔ただ〕鶴のみを有つ」，他の一切を追い越す〔Parjanya につきて言わる〕), ṢaḍvBr.

breakfast (朝の食), Divyāv.

the front or forepart (mama purobhā˚ge, before me) (前の部分), Daś.

・officiousness, obtrusiveness (˚gam √ muc, to quit the field, retire discomfited) (差し出がましさ), Hariv.; Kād.

・malevolence, envy (悪意，妬み), Mālav.

standing before a person's eyes (人の眼前に立つ), R.

・obtrusive, meddlesome (差し出がましき), MW.

taking the first share, obtrusive, forward (初めの分を取る，差し出がましき), Kālid.

・grudging, censorious, malevolent (妬み，責め，悪意ある), Rājat.

impending, imminent (迫れる), Kathās.

being in front or at the head of, excelling, superior to (acc.) (…の前また頭にあり，勝れたる), RV.

a wind blowing from before or in f˚, east wind (opp. to paścān-m˚) (前より吹く風，東風), Ragh.

having its face or aperture directed towards the east (その面また口を東に向けたる), Kauś.

going in front, leading (前を行き，導く), RV.

fighting before or in front (前にて戦う), RV.

（前項 puro-yudh に同じ）

‘one whose chariot is foremost’, leaving all behind, pre-eminent, superior (「その車の最も前なる者」，一切を後に残す，抜きん出でたる), RV.

See a-puro-r˚.

shining in front or in the east (前に，また東に輝く), RV.

N. of partic. Nivid formularies recited at the morning oblation in the Ājya ceremony before the principal hymn or any part of it (Ājya の儀にて朝の供物の折に，主たる讃歌またその一部に先立ちて誦せらるる或る Nivid の定型句らの名), TS.; Br.

N. of wk. (或る書の名)

furnished with P˚ (Puroruc を備うる), ŚBr.

as before (前の如く), BhP.

N. of a man (或る人の名), L.

being before a person's eyes (人の眼前にある), Mallin.

・forward, obtrusive (差し出がましき), Nīlak. on Hariv.

preceded or accompanied by wealth (財に先立たれ，また伴わるる), TBr.

= -māruta (ifc. f(ā). ), TS. &c. &c.

・the wind preceding a thunderstorm (雷雨に先立つ風), ChUp.

bringing east wind (東風を齎す), TS.

a former mention (先の言い及び), Nyāyam.

being or going before, preceding (先立ちてある，また行く), Hariv.

preceded or accompanied by an excellent bull (勝れたる牡牛に先立たれ，また伴わるる), BhP.

having the sacrifice in front or towards the east (祭を前に，また東に有つ), TS.

placed foremost or in front, charged, commissioned, appointed (最も前に置かれ，委ねられ，任ぜらるる)

one holding a charge or commission, an agent (委ねを受くる者，代理する者)

・(esp.) a family priest, a domestic chaplain (殊に家の祭官，家の司祭), RV. &c. &c. (RTL. 352 &c.)

N. of 3rd Pariśiṣṭa of AV. (AV. の第三 Pariśiṣṭa の名)

the rank of a Purohita (Purohita の位), MBh.

priestly ministration (= puro-dhāna, Sāy.) (祭官の務め), RV.

a favourite wife (cf. puro-dhikā) or N. of a woman (寵ある妻，また或る女の名) g. śivâdi.

(in nom. sg. and before consonants pūr) a rampart, wall, stronghold, fortress, castle, city, town (also of demons) (塁，壁，砦，城，町〔魔らのものにも〕), RV. &c. &c.

・the body (considered as the stronghold of the puruṣa, q.v.) (身〔puruṣa の砦と看做さる〕), BhP.

・the intellect (= mahat) (覚), VP.

・N. of a Daśa-rātra (或る Daśarātra の名), KātyŚr. [Perhaps fr. √ pṝ and orig. identical with 1. pur; cf. Gk. πόλις]

(for 1. See p. 634, col. 2) (ifc. f(ā). ) a fortress, castle, city, town (a place containing large buildings surrounded by a ditch and extending not less than one Kos in length; if it extends for half that distance it is called a kheṭa, if less than that, a karvaṭa or small market town; any smaller cluster of houses is called a grāma or village, W.) (砦，城，町〔濠に囲まれ，長さ一 Kos を下らざる大なる建物を含む処。その半ばの長さならば kheṭa と呼ばれ，それより小さければ karvaṭa すなわち小さき市の町と呼ばる。それより小さき家の群は grāma すなわち村と呼ばる〕), Mn.; MBh. &c.

・the female apartments, gynaeceum (女の居間，後宮), MBh. (cf. antaḥ-p˚, nārī-p˚ &c.)

・a house, abode, residence, receptacle (家，住処，容るる物), BhP.; Tattvas.

・an upper story (上の階), L.

・a brothel (遊女屋), L.

・‘the city’, Gk. κατ᾽ ἐξοχήν, i.e. Pāṭali-putra or Patnā (「かの町」，すなわち Pāṭaliputra また Patnā), L.

・= tri-pura, the 3 strongholds of the Asuras (Asura らの三の砦), Kathās.

・the body (cf. 3. pur) (身), BhP.

・the skin (皮), L.

・a species of Cyperus (一種の Cyperus), L.

・N. of a constellation (或る星宿の名), Var.

・a leaf rolled into the shape of a funnel (漏斗の形に巻かれたる葉), L. (prob. w.r. for puṭa)

・N. of the subdivisions of the Vedānta wk. tripurī or tripuṭī (perhaps also w.r. for puṭa) (Vedānta の書 tripurī また tripuṭī の分の名), Cat.

a kind of resin, bdellium (一種の樹脂), Suśr.; L.

N. of an Asura = tri-pura (cf. pura-jit), of another man (或る Asura の名，また他の或る人の名), g. kurv-ādi

a stronghold, fortress (cf. agni-purā and aśma-p˚) (砦)

・a kind of perfume (一種の香), L.

a fortress, castle, town (砦，城，町), TĀr.; MBh. &c.

・N. of a town (the capital of Kaliṅga, noted for the worship of Jagan-nātha or Kṛṣṇa, IW. 244 n. 1) (或る町の名〔Kaliṅga の都。Jagannātha すなわち Kṛṣṇa の礼拝にて名高し〕)

・the sanctuary or adytum of a temple (寺の内陣), Inscr.

the body (身), BhP.

・N. of one of the 10 orders of mendicants (said to be founded by disciples of Śaṃkara, the members of which add the word purī to their names) (十の乞食の階の一の名〔Śaṃkara の弟子らに創めらるとせられ，その徒はその名に purī なる語を添う〕), W.

‘city-stronghold’, a citadel (「町の砦」，城塞)

the governor of a citadel (城塞の長), Pañc.

town-folk, citizens (町の人ら), Ratnāv.

v.l. for puru-j˚, VP.

‘conqueror of fortresses or of Pura’, N. of Śiva (「砦の，また Pura の征服者」，Śiva の名), Kathās.

・of a prince (son of Aja and father of Ariṣṭanemi) (或る王の名〔Aja の子にして Ariṣṭanemi の父〕), BhP.

a small market-town (小さき市の町), L.

‘city-arch’, the outer gate of a c˚ (「町の弧門」，町の外の門), MW.

burning of the 3 fortresses (= tripura-d˚) (三の砦の焼き払い), Kathās.

the tutelary deity of a town (町の守り神), W.

(ifc. f(ā). ) a city gate (町の門), Mn.; R.

‘foe of Pura’, N. of Śiva (「Pura の敵」，Śiva の名), BhP.

‘town-woman’, a courtezan (「町の女」，遊女), Dhūrtan.

the founding of a city (町の創建), MW.

‘town-bird’, a b˚ living in a city, tame b˚ (opp. to vanya-p˚) (「町の鳥」，町に住む鳥，飼い馴らされたる鳥), Var.

the governor of a c˚ (町の長), BhP.

the governor of a c˚ (町の長), BhP.

‘destroyer of fortresses or of Pura’, N. of Śiva (「砦の，また Pura の破壊者」，Śiva の名).

‘destroyer of fortresses or of Pura’, N. of Śiva (「砦の，また Pura の破壊者」，Śiva の名).

‘destroyer of fortresses or of Pura’, N. of Śiva (「砦の，また Pura の破壊者」，Śiva の名).

the street of a town (町の街路), Ragh.

‘crowned with castles’, N. of a river (「城を戴く」，或る河の名), MBh.

a watchman of a town, constable (町の見張り，番人).

a watchman of a town, constable (町の見張り，番人).

cities and kingdoms (町々と国々と), MW.

the siege of a fortress or city (砦また町の攻め囲み), ib.

= -jana, Pañcad.

= -nārī, Siṃhās.

‘chief town’, a king's residence (「主たる町」，王の住処), Jātakam.

dwelling in a town, a citizen (町に住まう，町の人), MBh.

ground suitable for the foundation of a city (町の創建に適える地), Hariv.

‘foe or chastiser of Pura’, N. of Śiva (「Pura の敵また懲らす者」，Śiva の名).

‘foe or chastiser of Pura’, N. of Śiva (「Pura の敵また懲らす者」，Śiva の名).

‘slayer of Pura’, N. of Viṣṇu (「Pura を殺す者」，Viṣṇu の名), BhP.

the welfare of a city (町の幸い), MW.

a watch-tower on a c˚ wall (町の壁の物見の塔), R.

the governor of a c˚ or fortress, prefect of police (町また砦の長，警吏の長).

the governor of a c˚ or fortress, prefect of police (町また砦の長，警吏の長).

= pura-dviṣ, Kathās.

id. (同上), ib.; Kum.

・N. of Viṣṇu (-tva n.) (Viṣṇu の名), BhP.

being of the extent of half a town (町の半ばの広さの), L.

part of a t˚, a suburb, ward, division (町の一部，郊外，区), W.

‘rich in castles’, N. of a river (「城に富む」，或る河の名), MBh. (cf. pura-mālinī).

= pura-dviṣ, L.

‘town-festival’, a f˚ solemnized in a city (「町の祭」，町にて行なわるる祭), Kathās.

‘growing in towns’, N. of a plant (「町に生ずる物」，或る草の名), L.

‘city garden’, a pleasure-garden belonging to a town, park (「町の園」，町に属する遊びの園), MBh.; R. &c.

‘town-dweller (?)’, N. of a poet (「町に住まう者〔?〕」，或る詩人の名), Cat.

an inhabitant of a town or of Tripura (町また Tripura の住人), L.

acc. of 3. púr or 2. pura, in comp. (複合語における pur また pura の acc.)

the living principle, life, soul (personified as a king) (生ける原理，命，魂〔王として人格化さる〕), BhP.

・N. of Varuṇa (Varuṇa の名), Gal.

understanding, intelligence (personified as the wife of a king) (悟り，覚〔王の妻として人格化さる〕), ib.

N. of a drama (或る戯曲の名).

N. of a drama (或る戯曲の名).

‘city-conqueror’, N. of a hero on the side of the Kurus (「町の征服者」，Kuru 方の或る英雄の名), MBh.

・of a son of Śṛñjaya and father of Janam-ejaya (Śṛñjaya の子にして Janamejaya の父の名), Hariv.

・of a son of Bhajamāna and Śṛñjarī (or Śṛñjayā) (Bhajamāna と Śṛñjarī〔また Śṛñjayā〕との子の名), ib.

・(= kakut-stha) N. of a son of Śaśāda (Śaśāda の或る子の名), VP.

・of a son of Vindhya-śakti (Vindhyaśakti の或る子の名), ib.

・of Medhāvin (Medhāvin の名), MatsyaP.

・of an elephant (son of Airāvaṇa) (或る象の名〔Airāvaṇa の子〕), Hariv.

= -dara, N. of Indra (Indra の名), L.

‘destroyer of strongholds’, N. of Indra (「砦の破壊者」，Indra の名), RV. &c. &c. (also of the I˚ of the 7th Manv-antara, Pur.)

・of Agni (Agni の名), RV.

・of Śiva (Śiva の名), Śivag.

・a thief, house-breaker (盗人，家を破る者), L.

・of a man (或る人の名), Siṃhās.

N. of Gaṅgā or another river (Gaṅgā また他の河の名), L.

Piper Chaba, L.

Indra's bow, the rainbow (Indra の弓，虹), Var.

I˚'s city (˚râtithi m. ‘guest of I˚'s c˚’ i.e. dead) (Indra の町), Daś.

・N. of another city (他の或る町の名), L.

N. of a town in Mālava (Mālava における或る町の名), Vcar.

, ‘guest of I˚'s c˚’ i.e. dead (「Indra の町の客」，すなわち死せる者)

Indra's quarter of the sky, the east (Indra の空の方，東), Prasannar.

N. of a man (或る人の名), RV.

・(n. ?) a castle, town (城，町), Gal.

loc. of 3. pur, in comp. (複合語における pur の loc.)

(invented to explain puruṣa) reposing in the fortress or fastness (i.e. the body) (puruṣa を説かんとて作られたる語。砦〔すなわち身〕に臥する), ŚBr.; GopBr.

a town or a river (町また河), Uṇ. iv, 142, Sch.

N. of a prince (或る王の名), VP.

N. of a town (或る町の名), ib.

N. of a town (或る町の名), MBh.; Hariv.

See under 2. pura.

N. of a king (或る王の名), VP. (cf. puri-k˚).

N. of the author of Caitanya-candrodaya (also called kavi-karṇa-pūra) (Caitanyacandrodaya の著者の名〔Kavikarṇapūra とも呼ばる〕), Cat.

N. of a prince (或る王の名), VP.

N. of a king (或る王の名), BhP.

the thorn-apple, Datura (曼陀羅華), L.

town's-folk, citizens (町の人ら), Siṃhās.

‘best of towns’, N. of Kāśī or Benares (「町々の最上」，Kāśī すなわち Benares の名), Gal.

the eight constituent parts of the body (身を成す八の部分), Kull. on Mn. i, 56.

（前項 pury-aṣṭa に同じ）

(acc. pl. of 3. pur + h˚) destroying strongholds (砦を滅ぼす), RV.

being in a stronghold or fastness (砦にある), RV.

Nom. (fr. 3. pur + kāma) P. ˚yati, to wish for a castle or town (城また町を欲す), L.

in comp. for 3. pur before cons. (子音の前の複合語における pur の代わり).

‘conquest of a fortress’, N. of a partic. ceremony (「砦の征服」，或る儀の名), MaitrS.

the tutelary goddess of a town (町の守り女神), BhP.

the gate of a city (町の門), L.

the lord of a castle or city (城また町の主), RV.

one who breaks down strongholds or fortresses (砦を打ち壊す者), ib.

the breaking down strongholds or fortresses (砦を打ち壊すこと), ib.

a road leading to a town (町に至る道), Siṃhās.

leading to the fortress (i.e. to the celestial world) (砦〔すなわち天の世〕に至る), AV.

the armpit (腋), L.

gold (金), L.

(√ pṝ) the sea, ocean (海), Uṇ. ii, 81, Sch.

N. of a dynasty (或る王朝の名), VP. (cf. puruṇḍa).

See p. 634, col. 2.

(etym. much contested; prob. fr. acc. of 1. or 3. pur and √ dhā, ‘bearing fulness’ or ‘bearing a body’) prolific, not barren (lit. and fig.), bountiful, munificent, liberal (多く生む，石女ならざる，惜しみなく与うる), RV.; VS.; TS.

a woman, wife (女，妻), RV. i, 116, 7; 13; 117, 19 &c.

・liberality, munificence, kindness (shown by gods to man, e.g. RV. i, 5, 3; 158, 2 &c.; or by man to gods in offering oblations, e.g. i, 123, 6; 134, 3 &c.; also personified as goddess of abundance and liberality, e.g. vii, 36, 8 &c.) (惜しみなさ，情け〔神々より人に示され，また供物を献ずるにて人より神々に示さる。また豊かさと惜しみなさとの女神として人格化さる〕)

abundant, copious (豊かなる), RV. ix, 72, 4.

(perhaps at first identical with prec. and later connected with √ dhṛ) a wife, woman (esp. a married woman having or able to bear children) (妻，女〔殊に子を有ち，また産み得る娶られたる女〕), Kālid.; Kathās.; Rājat.

（前項 puraṃdhri に同じ）

N. of Durgā (Durgā の名), L.

(in music) N. of a Rāgiṇī (cf. puruvī) (〔楽にて〕或る Rāgiṇī の名).

purastāt. See p. 634.

See p. 634, col. 3.

N. of a man (或る人の名), Cat. (cf. pauraṇṭaka).

purātana. See p. 635.

the region below the seven worlds (七の世の下の域), L. (cf. talâtala).

N. of an Āṅgirasa (或る Āṅgirasa の名), ĀrṣBr. (v.l. pra-rādhas).

a species of creeper (一種の蔓草), L.

（前項 purāsaṇī に同じ）

See above.

w.r. for purītat, L.

a species of aquatic animal (一種の水の獣), AV.

N. of a king (或る王の名), VP.

(fr. 3. pur, or purī + √ tan ?) the pericardium or some other organ near the heart (心嚢また心の近くの他の器)

・the intestines (腸), VS.; AV.; ŚBr.; KauṣUp. (cf. parī-tat and pulītat).

(√ pṝ) earth, land (土，地), RV.

・(esp.) crumbling or loose earth, rubbish (perhaps ‘that which fills up’, as opp. to that which flows off, ‘the solid’ opp. to the fluid), rubble, anything used to fill up interstices in a wall (殊に崩るる，また緩き土，瓦礫〔おそらくは「満たす物」，流れ去る物に対して「固き物」，液なる物に対して〕，壁の隙間を満たすに用いらるる凡そ物), VS.; TS.; ŚBr.; GṛŚrS.

・feces, excrement, ordure (糞), ŚBr. &c. &c. (ifc. f(ī). , BhP.)

・a disk, orb (e.g. sūryasya i.e. ‘fulness of the sun’ ?) (円盤，球体), RV. x, 27, 21

・(with ātharvaṇa) N. of a Sāman (或る Sāman の名), ĀrṣBr.

N. of a partic. religious observance (或る宗教の行の名), BhP. (= cayana, Sch.)

stopping or obstructing the bowels (腸を塞ぐ), Suśr.

N. of partic. passages inserted (to fill up) in the recitation of the Mahānāmnī verses (Mahānāmnī の詩句の誦にて〔満たすために〕挿し入れらるる或る句らの名), Br.; ŚrS.